Causes, arthrosis symptoms, its complications and methods of treatment

Arthrosis is a disease of the joint that is considered dystrophic and related to the slow destruction of cartilage inside the wrist.With the arthrosis, changes, the restructuring of the articulated ends of bones are happening during the long time, inflammatory processes are underway and the degeneration of perhease tissues occur.Such a thing as "arthrosis" also includes a very large group of articulated diseases of degenerative inflammatory nature, which has different causes and similar mechanisms of their development.

Arthrosis is considered the most common common diseases in the world, according to statistics in one or other data, up to 80% of the globe population suffers from arthrosis.Leasing of this type are very common and are in third place, after oncology and cardiovascular diseases.

The probability of developing arthrosis with age increases many times.The disease also affects both men and women, the exception is only an arthrosis of interfalance joints, because most often notices in women.Arthrosis overpower people working age - from 30 years and each year the number of ill people continuously and constantly increases.

Causes of arthrosis

Arthrosis is developing due to metabolic disorders in common, which in turn leads to the fact that cartilage begins to lose elasticity.This can be facilitated with a complete or partial loss from the composition of cartilage proteogolic, it happens, as a rule due to quite deep cracks in the cartilage itself.The loss of proteoglycan can appear for another reason: due to the failure of their production by articulated cells.

The following reasons may affect the phenomenon and development of arthrosis:

• Overloaded earlier injuries.It can be dislocations, bruises, fractures, ligaments and other damage.
• Metabolic disorders.
• Excess body weight, leading to additional loads on the joints.
• The inflammatory process in the joints is acute gnane arthritis.
• Staros old age.
• Low quality of power.
• Hypothermia.
• Autoimmune diseases - red lupus, rheumatoid arthritis.
• The general intoxication of the body.
• Frequent colds.
• Specific inflammation - syphilis, tuberculosis, tick encephalitis, gonorrhea.
• Thyroid disease.
• Violation of blood coagulation (hemophilia).
• Pertes' disease is a violation of blood supply to the femural head.

Also, in the near future, in the near future, such disease as arthritis are people whose professions are: Mason, Rudar, Ribar, Kovac, Metallurgy - and other areas of activity related to increased physical workforce.

Symptoms of arthrosis

Symptom of arthrosisThere is pain on the workload on the wrist, which is popped up when the wrist is at rest;Reduction of joint mobility, crumbs, feelings of muscular tension in the wrist.Jointly periodically affected by arthrosis can swell, and over time it is deformed.

Consider the following 4 large groups of arthrosis symptoms:

• Pain.The presence of pain is the first sign of the arthrosis of the joints.It can be assumed that a similar sensation occur with any damage, but with arthrosis pain has some functions.First, it is the appearance of sudden pain or significant discomfort during the movement.This will be localized in a place where a painful date is located.When a person stops moving and goes to sleep mode, the pain passes.The person is practically not experiencing unpleasant sensations, unless during the impact of the body, finding the optimal position - the patient is quietly falling asleep.The pain appears during the vacation only in the disease advancement phase, they have a similarity with dental bastards when a person cannot fall asleep.Show closer morning - at 5 o'clock.So, at the beginning of pain, practically no pain, can only be felt by loading or palpation, time suffering is increased, and there is a common need more and more rest periods.Then life is completely converted into torture - Hijalin cartilage is diluted, the bone is exposed, osteophytes begin to grow.Acute pain hurts almost constantly, intensifies even more in bad weather and full month.
• Crunch.Equally indicative symptom of arthrosis is the presence of a crisis.Given the fact that the softness of bone rotation in the joints decreases, they rub each other, as a result that appears characteristic sound.Crunch can be heard with other diseases, and even when the joints are healthy.But just such a crumbly that is characterized by her "dry" sound.The more the disease progress, brighter that sounds becomes.Moreover, if crumbs are heard, then the pain will feel.This is what enables the distinction of the sound made with arthrosis from the usual harmless click.
• Reducing the mobility in the joints is another characteristic of the symptom of arthrosis.In the initial phase, this phenomenon does not bother the patient, but with the advancement of arthrosis, germination of neoplasm leads to the fact that muscles are spasmodic, and the articulated gap is almost completely disappearing.This is the cause of the real estate of limbs at the destination.
• Common deformation.Its amendment is determined by the fact that osteophytes grow on the surface of the bones and the synovial fluid arrives.Although the deformation is one of the latest symptoms, when the arthrosis has greatly affected the joint.

The course of the disease is characterized by the stages of deterioration and the remission phase.This significantly endangers an independent diagnosis of arthrosis, relying only on their own sensations.Therefore, it is necessary to seek explanation diagnosis to the doctor.

Degree of arthrosis

Arthrosis are characterized by degenerative-dystrophic changes in joints that will persecute a person in the form of a chronic disease.The result of such destruction is the defeat of the wrist of cartilage, pathological changes in its capsule and the Sinovian shell, in the ligaments and bones.

It is common to distinguish three degrees of arthrosis, which characterize different severity of the disease flows and have different symptoms.

1 degree of arthrosis

In the first phase of the development of arthrosis, serious changes in common morphology have not been observed.Only the composition of the Sinovian liquid is disturbed.It supplies shared tissue with nutrients, so the cartilage loses former resistance to the loads known.This leads to the fact that the cartilage fabrics are inflammation, the person has pain.

The patient may complain of insignificant stiffness in the joints, but usually pays no attention to that feeling, attributing such a violation of health changes in time, unpleasant POI, etc.

Sometimes a weak crumpet can be heard in the area of the affected wrist.The pain can be struggled.If the disease is diagnosed at this stage, then it will be able to deal with IT conservative methods.

2 degree arthrosis

The second phase of the arthrosis was accompanied by destroying cartilage.Bone growth appear on the edges of the compound.The more intense load, strengthens the cloth of the cartilage joint will be destroyed.

A person is experiencing permanent pain, to which he gets used to.The inflammation is now calmed, then worsens again.

The muscles surrounding the joints will lose their former functions, but the most common are such disorders weak or moderate.Therefore, at this stage, people can refuse to visit a doctor.

After a short cargo on his feet, a person can experience fatigue.At the same time, the painful pain in the joints becomes acute.Cryst during movement reinforcement, which explains bone growth.

This is in the second degree of development of arthrosis in joints that begins the process of deforming, so you must know medical attention.

3 degree arthrosis

The third degree of arthrosis is the hardest.The joint cartilage of the affected joint is not only diluted, but started collapsing, and pathological foci are already quite large.The wrist is very deformed, which affects the normal axis of the limbs.

The ligaments that surrounded common earlier loses its functional activity, become short, which affects the mobility of hands or legs.

During that period, the person has contracts and subscriber.The muscles surrounding the wrist shortened and outstretched, they are hard to contract.The wrist itself and nearby fabrics suffer from insufficient nutrition.

The person is tormenting strong pain, is acute and sharp.Even at rest, the patient experiences significant discomfort.The third degree of arthrosis is associated with the risk of complete loss of human capacity.

Types of arthrosis

Depending on the cause of arthrosis, the disease is different with vague etiology, ie idiopathic arthrosis.They are most often diagnosed in people over 40 years of age.There are also secondary arthrosis, which arises against the background of obvious causes (after injury, with shared inflammation, with endocrine diseases, etc.).

In addition to the fact that the arthrosis is classified, depending on the cause of its phenomenon, the following varieties of the disease revoke:

• Arthrosis of knees or gonartiness.This is the most common type of disease.At the same time, knee joints suffer.Pathology is diagnosed most often in people with excess body weight, on the background of metabolic damage in the body, as well as due to stress.The disease develops over the years, in a late phase, the knee is completely lost by their mobility.
• Arthrosis of ankle.In this type of disease affects the ankle joint.The disease develops against the background of injuries, with stretching ligaments, due to available dysplasia, gout and diabetes.Sometimes the cause is the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis.The most common ankle arthrosis is diagnosed in people whose work is associated with excessive loads in this area: in dancers, athletes, women who wear shoes with high.
• Arthrosis shoulders.The main reason for pathology is considered innate impairment of shoulders or excessive loads on it.The risk group includes carriers, mortars and people who are busy with hard manual workforce.This includes an arthrosis of a common elbow.
• Arthrosis of hip or coxartrosis.This is one of the heavy varieties of pathology.The main reason is age - equalized changes in articulated tissues.The risk group includes people aged 40.
• Cerrvical arthrosis.Reasons that can lead to the development of this pathology: insufficient mobility of cervical spine, obesity and injury.The risk group includes people who deal with sitting work.In addition to the main symptoms of arthrosis in the form of pain and limitations of common mobility, patients have dizziness, headaches, and sometimes even loss of consciousness.This is due to the inclusion of the spine of the artery in the pathological process, which feeds the brain.
• Osteoarthrosis of hand and fingers.In this case, the joints joint is damaged, finger joints, etc.Women who entered in the menopause period suffer from pathology.
• Spondylarteness in which joints and cartilage of spine suffer.The disease is most often developed in people aged 65.Women were mostly suffering from him, which is explained by reducing estrogen levels after Climax who came.
• In polioAarior.This is a disease of degenerative nature in which the peripheral joints, ligaments and tendons suffers.Spine compounds can be included in the pathology.

Complications of arthrosis

If the arthrosis does not provide adequate attention, do not treat it in time and properly, it cannot be completely destroyed by the binemechanical spine, which can begin Hernie in the interviolent disks and the development of arthrosis in other healthy joints.Complications of arthrosis joints is better not to allow.

The following pathologies differ as the main complications of arthrosis:

• Destruction of the wrist.
• Common deformation.
• Inability to perform movement.
• Patient disability.
• Violation of binomechanics spine and other joints.
• Hernia intervertebral disks.
• Reducing the patient's life standards.

Diagnosis of arthrosis

To make a diagnosis, the doctor must interview and review the patient.Then it will appoint him X -Raja's joint joints.

X -Ray images are most commonly performed in 2 projections.The study allows you to visualize dystrophic changes in tissues, damage to cartilage and neighboring bones.The victim of the gap in patients with arthrosis is narrowed, bone is deformed, bone growth, osteophytes can leave him.Sometimes the wrist alone loses stability, leading to dislocation.

The first sign of arthrosis, which can be visualized in X -Ray, is the presence of osteophytes.First, the edges of the articulated surface simply become sharp.In the future they thickened, then growth and spikes appear on them.The joint gap is already becoming becoming the installation of pathology.

Depending on the resulting radiological image, the doctor can perform the following diagnosis (Kellgren-Lawrence classification is taken as a basis):

• Arthrosis is suspicious.It is not possible to determine the degree of narrowing the common gap, but the small osteophytes are visible.
• A soft arthrosis in which osteophytes are well visualized, but there are doubts about narrowing a common gap.
• Moderate arthrosis is diagnosed when a common gap is obviously narrowed, and osteophytes are clearly visible.Sometimes they find bone deformations.
• Severe arthrosis is accompanied by a significant narrowing of the common gap and the formation of large osteophytes.The wrist will be deformed.

If the doctor needs more information on the condition of the wrist, then he can direct the patient to pass the CT, arthroscopy or MRI.In order to assess the quality of the sinue fluid, articulated puncture is performed.

Methods of treatment

It is better to treat an early stage ache, the treatment itself should be pathogenically and complex.The essence of treatment is to remove the causes that contribute to the development of this disease, it is also necessary to eliminate inflammatory changes and return the functions that have been lost earlier.

The comprehensive treatment of arthrosis includes medications that have anti -infalmatorn and analgesic properties, physiotherapy procedures that have an analgesic effect on the joints should be implemented.If treatment is performed in the spa resistant, then it consists in climatic conditions that affordably operate on the joints, as well as in the use of mineral waters and mud.

The treatment of arthrosis is based on several basic principles:

• Damaged compounds should be eliminated from excessive load.If possible, during treatment, it must generally be reduced to a minimum.
• After an organized orthopedic regime.
• Classes of the exercises of physiotherapy.
• The passage of physiotherapy, which includes magnet and electrotherapy, striking wave, as well as laser therapy.
• Sanatorium treatment.To do this, it takes once a year, on the doctor's recommendation, it is subject to the treatment of the course in specialized resorts.
• Saturation of ankle with oxygen or thus-wereked common oxygenotherapy from the inside.
• Drug therapy.
• Inside, bone blockage, as well as metrophy decompression.
• Rational dietary approach.

Physiotherapy treatment

You can deal with arthrosis using physiotherapy methods of treatment.

They include:

• Uvt.The therapy of the impact wave is allowing to resolve osteophytes, which are bone processes.They are those who become the main cause of pain.Waves soften these rastos and after a while are absorbed.In parallel, the strength of common improvement, metabolic processes are normalized.This procedure is only effective in the early stages of disease development.In addition, only a doctor can name, because there are many contraindicates.
• Mystimulation.The method is based on muscle stimulation to electric impulses.The procedure is shown to treat bedding forced to adhere to resting beds after injury.This method is not often prescribed for arthrosis, although it allows you to normalize blood flow in the problem area and increase muscle tone, which allows you to make deadlines for renovation of compounds.
• Phonophore.In this method of treatment, the wrist is exposed to ultrasonic waves and drugs.The effect of medications increases, as they will be delivered "exactly at the destination", and the cells will learn them better.
• Ozonotherapy.This method includes the introduction of a gas mixture in the wrist.The patient disappears, inflammation decreases, normal mobility is normalized, and blood circulation is improving.The treatment is done in courses.Their duration depends on the weight of the pathology flow.

Surgical types of treatment

When you cannot deal with disease with conservative methods, the patient is focused on surgery.

Surgical intervention methods include:

• Puncture performance.This is not just a therapeutic, but also a diagnostic method.During their application, the needle is inserted into the wrist, takes a small amount of liquid.It is sent to the analysis in the future.This method allows you to remove the load from the joint, as well as deliver medication, for example, corticosteroids.
• Arthroscopy.At the same time, an arthroscope was introduced into the wrist, for which several small cuts are made on the skin.This procedure allows the assessment of the state of joints from within.During an arthroscopy, the doctor can remove unnecessary cartilage, which provides a person from pain.
• Near articulated osteotomy.The operation is reduced to the fact that the bones of the joints are slightly said and fixed in the right position.This allows you to reduce the load on the zone defeat, as well as save a person from pain.Although proceedings are effective enough, they are rarely resorted to this, because it is performed under anesthesia and requires a long recovery period.
• Replacing your own compound with a prosthesis.EndoProsthetics is resorted if the wrist is very deformed and cannot be returned.This is a severe surgery that costs a lot of money.The prosthesis itself is made of materials such as: metal, ceramics, plastic.After the intervention, a person is renewed long, may suffer from pain.Although it is often impossible to help patients with other methods, otherwise a person can be completely immobilized.High quality prostheses can take 20 years.All this time person will not have problems with movement.

Medicine treatment

Consider more detailed drug treatment:

• Anti -inflamatory medications.The initial therapy of arthrosis is comprehensive, you can slow down the course of the disease and greatly improve the quality of life.It is valuable to be in more detail in some places of treatment.In particular, drug therapy includes in the initial phase - this is the removal of pain, as well as the removal of inflammatory processes that occur in the joints.
• Hormonal corticosteroids.When the arthrosis is in the worsening phase, hormonal corticosteroids are advisable.They are inserted in the wrist.Outside, you can use a special patch, grease or tincto, which are made based on burning panel.
• Preparations aimed at restoring cartilage and improving the high-quality Sinovian fluid composition will not be superfluous.The course takes a pretty long time until the moment until improvement is being improved.  

If the case is especially difficult, it can be prescribed in the intake of narcotic analgesics.But they are used extremely rarely when the rest of the funds did not bring the desired effect.

Proper nutrest nutrition

Separately, the residence in the diet is worth during the disease exacerbation.There are also certain recommendations here - you cannot overeat, because it will contribute to additional pounds, but it is impossible to starve, because the supply of cartilage with important elements will be broken.The priority task, which faces a patient with excess weight is his fall.To do this, it is easy to remove quick carbohydrates from the diet, they are contained in all flour products and sweets.Alcohol belongs under the ban, and above all beer.

There is absolutely no complaints on fish dishes - can be used quite, of course, in reasonable quantities.But we should not lean on your too fat varieties, because they have a lot of calories, which means that an extra pound will not come for a long time.

An important role in the treatment of arthrosis is assigned to cold meal.It is surprising that this dish is recommended to include all doctors in a diet.Such foods will be the rights of stores in traces for painful compounds.The most important component in this dish is a collagen of natural origin.It is absorbed by the body quite fast and the basis of any connective tissue.Thanks to regular spending, they can achieve good results - joints will become more mobile, fabrics that are performed by their fabrics - elastic and cartilage and bones.

Don't forget about the correct intake of food vitamins.For patients with arthrosis, B vitamins are particularly relevant

Pyridoxine will help production hemoglobin."You can get it "by eating bananas, nuts, cabbage and potatoes. It will take greenery and legumes. They will be useful. They are rich in Ribofvalin.

Observing the treatment regime prescribed by a doctor, it can be achieved that the disease will be withdrawn, and the damaged tissues will start recovering.